g -aminobutiric acid (gaba), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system has two major receptor subtypes (gabaa and gabab). gabab receptors are activated by the antispastic and muscle relaxant agent, baclofen, which is a lipophilic derivative of gaba. since 1962 several strategies have been reported for the synthesis of baclofen.in this study an approach has been made to...

the most important risk factors for anxiety disorders include genes, early life stress, and current stress. these factors do not act independently but interact with each other throughout human development through examples such as epigenetic modifications and complex forms of learning. the neural substrate of pathological anxiety includes hyperactivity in the amygdala and other limbic brain regi...

γ-aminobutiric acid (gaba), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system is activated by the antispastic and muscle relaxant agent, baclofen, which is a lipophilic derivative of gaba. because of its biological and pharmacological importance, there are several reports in the literature about the synthesis of baclofen since 1962. in this study baclofen was easily synthesize...

background: hypertension is considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality in diabetic patients. the present study was designed to determine the role of gamma amino butyric acid b (gabab) receptor and l-arginine (l-arg) in gaba-induced vasorelaxation in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat vessels. methods: diabetes was induced by a single i.p. injection of strepto...

Background: Hypertension is considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality in diabetic patients. The present study was designed to determine the role of gamma amino butyric acid B (GABAB) receptor and L-arginine (L-Arg) in GABA-induced vasorelaxation in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat vessels. Methods: Diabetes was induced by a single i.p. injection of strepto...

in the present study, the effect of gaba (γ-aminobutyric acid) receptor agonists and antagonists on morphine-induced antinociception was investigated in formalin test in rats. intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of different doses of morphine (1, 3, 6 and 9 mg/kg) and intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of different doses of muscimol (0.5, 1 and 2 g/rat) or baclofen (0.25, 0.5 and 1 g/rat) ...

In the present study, the effect of GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) receptor agonists and antagonists on morphine-induced antinociception was investigated in formalin test in rats. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of different doses of morphine (1, 3, 6 and 9 mg/kg) and intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of different doses of muscimol (0.5, 1 and 2 g/rat) or baclofen (0.25, 0.5 and 1 g/rat) ...

GABRB3 gene is a recently identified located in 15q12 chromosome and encodes for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor subunit beta-3 protein, which linked to the GABAA receptor. The believed share role inhibitory GABAergic synapses, GABA iron-gated channel function, possible cellular response histamine. β3 expressed cerebral grey matter, thalami, hippocampi, cerebellum, among other structure...

Introduction Licorice could exhibit beneficial effect in the management of insomnia by regulating key modulators such as GABA and serotonin, we therefore aimed to study potentail hypnotic licorice extract, glycyrrhizin (GCZ), on underlying mechanisms. Material methods Mice were randomly grouped a Control group, GCZ (low) (high) group DZP with 8 mice each group. Sleep latency, sleep duration loc...

The Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (Glu) neurotransmitter systems are implicated in depression. While previous studies found reduced GABA levels, a tendency towards Glu, using proton (1H) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), little is known about GABAA receptor availability Here, the aim was to characterize Glu-levels dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), whole-brain avail...